What is C programing language ?
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A brief History And
Introduction to C language:
C is a programming language developed
at AT & T’s Bell Laboratories of USA in 1972. It was designed and written
by a man named Dennis Ritchie. In the late seventies C began to replace the
more familiar languages of that time like PL/I, ALGOL, etc. No one pushed C. It
wasn’t made the ‘official’ Bell Labs language. Thus, without any advertisement,
C’s reputation spread and its pool of users grew. Ritchie seems to have been
rather surprised that so many programmers preferred C to older languages like
FORTRAN or PL/I, or the newer ones like Pascal and APL. But, that’s what
happened. Possibly why C seems so popular is because it is reliable, simple and
easy to use. Moreover, in an industry where newer languages, tools and
technologies emerge and vanish day in and day out, a language that has survived
for more than three decades has to be really good. An opinion that is often
heard today is—“C has been already superseded by languages like C++, C# and
Java, so why bother to learn C today”. I seriously beg to differ with this
opinion. There are several reasons for this. These are as follows: (a) C++, C#
or Java make use of a principle called Object Oriented Programming (OOP) to
organize the program. This organizing principle has lots of advantages to
offer. But even while using this organizing principle you would still need a
good hold over the language elements of C and the basic programming skills. So
it makes more sense to first learn C and then migrate to C++, C# and Java.
Though this two-step learning process may take more time, but at the end of it
you will definitely find it worth the trouble. (b) Major parts of popular
operating systems like Windows, UNIX, Linux and Android are written in C. This
is because even today when it comes to performance (speed of execution) nothing
beats C. Moreover, if one is to extend the operating system to work with new
devices one needs to write device driver programs. These programs are
exclusively written in C. (c) Mobile devices like Smartphones and Tablets have
become rage of today. Also, common consumer devices like microwave ovens,
washing machines and digital cameras are getting smarter by the day. This
smartness comes from a microprocessor, an operating system and a program
embedded in these devices. These programs not only have to run fast but also
have to work in limited amount of memory. No wonder that such programs are
written in C. With these constraints on time and space, C is the language of
choice while building such operating systems and programs. (d) You must have
seen several professional 3D computer games where the user navigates some
object, like say a spaceship and fires bullets at the invaders. The essence of
all such games is speed. Needless to say, such games won’t become popular if
they take a long time to move the spaceship or to fire a bullet. To match the
expectations of the player the game has to react fast to the user inputs. This
is where C language scores over other languages. Many popular gaming frameworks
(like DirectX) have been built using C language. (e) At times one is required
to very closely interact with the hardware devices. Since C provides several
language elements that make this interaction feasible without compromising the
performance, it is the preferred choice of the programmer. I hope that these
are very convincing reasons why you should adopt C as the first, and a very
important step, in your quest for learning programming.
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